Receive Loop Antenna for 500kHz

I have good receive results on 500kHz, using my 40m Doublet with feeder strapped and no ATU I have copied the USA WSPR stations when only one other UK station was Spotting them also.
My TX antenna works well for RX too, yet with much discussion and some good results being reported using Indoor Loops I decided to try one.
I find one major problem when used indoors, despite the fact that the Loop can be oriented to reduce the pick up of interference from my Computer Monitor in the same room, the QRM from the Neighbour's Panasonic Plasma TV is severe and makes the band completely un-usable.

I hated the whole concept of Plasma TV's before one moved nearby. Despite the fact that I have many Panasonic Goods, I now despise that company for producing such poor equipment. In most cases of Plasma QRM it is Panasonic to blame.

In this wonderful enlightened age, the 42 inch Plasma TV is used in conjunction with a Dummy in the mouth of pre school children to rear and educate them with ranting American Cartoons on the Cartoon Channel. When the bleary eyed child decides he must sleep, the family continue to watch until the early hours. Therefore the QRM can seem to be 24/7 at times.

Other than that the Loop performance is impressive. I designed mine with 8 turns of 48 strand Litz wire spaced 10mm on a wooden frame.


It is tuned with a salvaged 3 Gang 500pF tuning capacitor. Coupling is by means of a toroid, just visible on the bottom mid turn in the picture below.


On a short test before the Loop was optimised, when the Child Rearer was off, I Spotted PA0A on WSPR in the daytime.

Short Distance 500kHz Success

After a bit of discussion on 70 cm this morning, we talked through Spectran and WSPR settings and use. I was convinced that any wire antenna in an FT817 would produce some signals on 500kHz. With 6Km between us G3KAN had just got to see more than just a 30 second burst of my QRSS.

At 14.22 we made it, using just the wire in the rig, the signal -15dB.

2010-01-2814:42

G3ZJO

0.503820

-15

0

IO92ng

+17

0.050

G3KAN

IO92

26

A run of 4 Spots followed, then some screen shots by e-mail. It will be interesting to find out how long the RX was on for when we talk again. I am intrigued by the possibility that short periods of enhanced propagation bring signals up to a usable level on a poor antenna at short range.

Activity on 500kHz Increasing

500kHz (600m) Activity is increasing slowly as more stations in more countries get active. Once your Antenna efficiency RX or TX reaches a certain level the circle of possible contacts expands. The number of of stations logged quickly get to a level and new ones are slow to come in.

I am pleased to have a report overnight from the POLICE, well the call always looks like that and makes it memorable, I think, let me try, PA0LCE, yes that's right at 423Km and -33dB on WSPR so right on the edge of de-code-ability.

There are several more bridges to cross. Local stations at 5 to 6 Km and 15 Km who report, no see, although there may have been an odd 30 seconds of good signal at 6Km the other night, not enough QRSS to be sure. These local distances intrigue me.

Some preliminary results on 500kHz with Litz Loading Coil

It is early days yet and only one station that is known to receive me, G7NKS has been active.
G7NKS is equidistant from G3ZJO and G3XBM and at reciprocal angles.


This is useful in theory. Previously I had compared the only available reports from signals not received at precisely the same time, this one is from 06:16 this morning thanks to WSPR net.

2009-12-12 06:16 G3ZJO 0.503810 -24 0 IO92ng 0.05 G7NKS IO92ub 46 120
2009-12-12 06:16 G3XBM 0.503865 -6 0 JO02dg 0.001 G7NKS IO92ub 46 240

Indicated Power levels should be disregarded G3XBM quotes an Estimated Radiated Power, I quote a QRPp Input, neither can be taken as exact. G3XBM runs 5Watts of RF, I run 160mW, this is 15dB less. The signal at G7NKS shows 18dB difference. I shall work more on my Antenna to see if I can eliminate the 3dB now apparent.

Litz wire for 500kHz Loading Coils

After designing my 'pump' adjustable Ferrite coil for 500kHz I found a reference by Mitchell Lee to a Ferrite push rod arrangement. This really is quite similar to my set up.

The same write up mentions that Litz wire is good for an extra 6dB in some instances.

Litz now being rare, I wound a coil with 'home brew' Litz. Actually three enamelled copper wires twisted into a trifila winding, providing three times the surface area of an equivalent size single
wire.
Some of the coils I tried were less efficient, due I think to poor power transfer with link coupling, despite the match looking good. This time I used a tap coupling. The large coil is some 680uH and the small Ferrite rod adjustable one is 50uH when air cored.

The large coil is wound on a genuine Tupperware container a further larger container is inverted over the coil as a protective weather cover.

All coil formers are fitted with screw threads so that they are interchangeable for tests.

I adjust tuning for maximum RF field, sensed on a whip or maximum current on a small QRP meter.

Using a field strength meter it is immediately apparent when a good match is achieved.



The QRP current meter has a single turn on the centre wire, the current into a 50 Ohm load is indicated by the mid scale reading.

500kHz QRPp

I decided to try QRPp on 500KHz. I have run my Low Power MEPT's with WSPR on HF and VHF / UHF with good results.
I then developed the XORgan which uses 2 Crystals and an XOR mixer to produce WSPR code at Audio frequency for PC Less and thus lower power consumption WSPR.

The XORgan led me to try the Hypersonic XORgan using the same method to directly generate WSPR, QRSS and Hellschriber at a very very high Audio frequency :-) 500KHz in fact.

I added a one chip Buffer / PA stage so that in just 2 chips I have a complete LF Transmitter with an RF Otput of 160mW. Existing stations on 500kHz were geting good results using 5Watts from their TX's and WSPR. I reconned I could get usable results with my 160 mW (15dB less power) so that was the basis for my Experimental Permit.

Quite rightly some advice said that on LF if you have a little Antenna Loss it is no great problem as you can just use a little more power to compensate. On the RX side there is little need for a super efficient Antenna. At my QTH I dont have the possibility for a very good Antenna so I have to make the small set up I have as efficient as possible. With QRPp there is nothing available to waste.
Up to now results have been quite encouraging. Antenna tests continue, more on that and the results later.